大于2T硬盘分区
在Linux系统中，对于大于2TB的硬盘，推荐使用GPT分区表（GUID Partition Table，简称GPT）来进行分区，因为传统的MBR分区表（Master Boot Record，简称MBR）仅支持最大2TB的存储空间，而GPT则支持最大18EB（1EB=1024TB）的存储空间，且每个磁盘最多支持128个分区。对于大于2TB的硬盘，使用MBR分区表会导致无法使用全部存储空间。因此，将硬盘转换为GPT格式是必要的步骤。
查看硬盘信息¶
使用lsblk或fdisk命令查看
lsblk
[root@quantum opt]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 14.6T 0 disk
nvme0n1 259:0 0 1.8T 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 512M 0 part /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 1.8T 0 part
├─rl-root 253:0 0 1.8T 0 lvm /
└─rl-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP]
fdisk -l
[root@quantum ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 1.8 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 2DA9EFC9-F455-4547-A4CA-D382DA2DF0DF
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1 2048 1050623 1048576 512M EFI System
/dev/nvme0n1p2 1050624 3147775 2097152 1G Linux filesystem
/dev/nvme0n1p3 3147776 3907028991 3903881216 1.8T Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sda: 14.6 TiB, 16000900661248 bytes, 31251759104 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 865B7F81-697B-457E-9674-D9DB5C106CA9
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 34 32767 32734 16M Microsoft reserved
/dev/sda2 32768 31251755007 31251722240 14.6T Microsoft basic data
Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.
Disk /dev/mapper/rl-root: 1.8 TiB, 1994488020992 bytes, 3895484416 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/rl-swap: 4 GiB, 4294967296 bytes, 8388608 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
parted分区¶
[root@quantum ~]# parted /dev/sda
GNU Parted 3.2
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) mklabel gpt
Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sda will be destroyed and all data on this disk will be lost. Do you want to continue?
Yes/No? yes
(parted) mkpart primary 0% 100%
(parted) print
Model: ATA ST16000NM001G-2K (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 16.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 16.0TB 16.0TB primary
(parted) quit
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
[root@quantum ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 14.6 TiB, 16000900661248 bytes, 31251759104 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: F7A3C624-02E0-476C-9D75-99C5AAB4DB2A
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 31251757055 31251755008 14.6T Linux filesystem
格式化¶
[root@quantum ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sda1
meta-data=/dev/sda1 isize=512 agcount=15, agsize=268435455 blks
= sectsz=4096 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0
= reflink=1 bigtime=0 inobtcount=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=3906469376, imaxpct=5
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=521728, version=2
= sectsz=4096 sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
挂载¶
使用blkid查看UUID号
[root@quantum ~]# blkid /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1: UUID="a03e9e0e-7281-4244-8cab-e72e280350ee" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="xfs" PARTLABEL="primary" PARTUUID="c5fb905b-666c-45b4-9551-5b3c42f80d49"
修改fstab配置文件
[root@quantum ~]# vi /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Sep 10 09:08:03 2024
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
/dev/mapper/rl-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=f78bbea0-463d-478d-8925-564a92808dae /boot ext4 defaults 1 2
UUID=C6E3-6EF2 /boot/efi vfat defaults,uid=0,gid=0,umask=077,shortname=winnt 0 2
UUID=a03e9e0e-7281-4244-8cab-e72e280350ee /home xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/rl-swap none swap defaults 0 0
systemctl daemon-reload更新systemd单元。
使用mount命令挂载为/home分区
[root@quantum ~]# mount /dev/sda1 /home
[root@quantum ~]# df -hl
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 252G 0 252G 0% /dev
tmpfs 252G 0 252G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 252G 35M 252G 1% /run
tmpfs 252G 0 252G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rl-root 1.9T 35G 1.8T 2% /
/dev/nvme0n1p2 974M 229M 678M 26% /boot
/dev/nvme0n1p1 511M 5.8M 506M 2% /boot/efi
tmpfs 51G 0 51G 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sda1 15T 104G 15T 1% /home
本站总访问量 次